So while the world may have fewer nukes today than it did 30 years ago, it doesn't look like you'll be seeing a complete end any time soon.
Listen to Newsbeat live at and weekdays - or listen back here. Reality Check: Where are the world's nuclear weapons? The Iran nuclear deal explained in five key points. Iran rolls back nuclear deal commitments. Image source, Getty Images. What are nuclear weapons? They are extremely powerful explosives. They haven't been detonated in war since then. This video can not be played To play this video you need to enable JavaScript in your browser. Who can develop them?
A mushroom cloud which is an effect of a nuclear explosion. This victory stifled the expansion of the Golden Horde, and brought present-day Ukraine into its sphere of influence. The end of the Holy Roman Empire highlights the extreme territorial fragmentation in Germany and neighboring regions, in an era referred to as Kleinstaaterei.
Unification helped position Germany as a major power, and by the country had the largest economy in Europe. The Ottoman Empire—a fixture in Eastern Europe for hundreds of years—was in its waning years by the beginning of the 20th century. The empire had ceded territory in two costly wars with Italy and Balkan states, and by the time the dust cleared on WWI, the borders of the newly minted nation of Turkey began at the furthest edge of continental Europe.
After the war, Germany again became fragmented into occupation zones—this time, overseen by the United States, France, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union. Germany would not be made whole again until , when a weakening Soviet Union loosened its grip on East Germany.
In the decades following WWII, the political boundaries of the European map remained relatively stable—that is, until the dissolution of the Soviet Union in When the dust settled, there were 15 breakaway republics , six of which were in Europe. Bonus: If you liked the video above, be sure to watch this year-by-year account of who ruled territories across Europe. The index measures the social risk landscape of different cities across the globe, using three key pillars:.
After calculating scores based on these three metrics, cities were then grouped into four categories to measure their level of social risk:. Of the top places, Istanbul and Izmir rank the highest when it comes to overall human rights risks, largely because of labor rights violations and the exploitation of migrant and refugee workers.
This is something manufacturers should take note of, especially those who outsource production to these Turkish cities. Other major manufacturing and commercial hubs in China, like Guangzhou and Shanghai, place high on the list as well. While a third of the top FDI cities are at high or extreme social risk, this figure is even higher when looking at all cities included in the [email protected] Social Index. In addition to the overall ranking, the report provides insight into specific human rights violations, highlighting which cities are most at risk.
Perhaps unsurprisingly, Pyongyang, North Korea places first on the list when it comes to civil and political rights violations. Under the current North Korean regime, some significant civil rights violations include arbitrary arrests and detentions, the holding of political prisoners and detainees, and a lack of judicial independence.
Three additional states have conducted nuclear testing even though they are not part of the NPT, nor did they sign the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons.
These three nations include North Korea, India, and Pakistan. The Middle Eastern country of Israel, which is recognized as a religiously-affiliated country, also has nuclear weapons within its borders. Known as the Holy Land to many Christians, Muslims, and Jews, Israel is one of the countries with their hands on nuclear weapons.
This can be shocking to some, mostly because religion emphasizes peace and communication over war and destruction, of which nuclear weapons are incredibly capable. Israel is currently fighting to prevent an enemy country, Iran , from securing nuclear weapons of their own, most likely because that would level the playing field instead of giving Israel a leg up over Iran.
As you can see, not only are the ethics of nuclear weapons constantly in question, but these weapons pose a question as to whether they are essential in the first place. Nuclear weapons divide countries, which is counterintuitive when trying to bring nations together and forge a sort of harmony among all countries. Anyway, coming full circle, Israel is known to possess nuclear weapons, but it is unknown whether or not Israel has conducted nuclear testing of these weapons.
However, it has since then been determined that Israel has about eighty nuclear weapon warheads within its borders. Many other nations previously held nuclear weapons but no longer do, for a plethora of reasons. The countries that once did but no longer have nuclear weapons at their disposal include South Africa , Belarus , Ukraine , and Kazakhstan.
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