Viral gastroenteritis is an infection of the bowel caused by one of a number of viruses. Diagnosis is based on clinical examination. Read more on SA Health website. Lots of children get gastroenteritis or gastro. It causes diarrhoea and sometimes vomiting. If your child has gastro, make sure your child gets enough fluid. Read more on raisingchildren. Gastroenteritis is commonly caused by viral infections resulting in vomiting and diarrhoea. The viruses are easily spread from person to person.
Thorough washing of hands with soap and running water are vital to prevent spread. Read more on NSW Health website. Read more on Better Health Channel website. Gastroenteritis is an infection and inflammation of the stomach and intestines.
It is a common illness with a variety of causes including viruses, bacteria, parasites, toxins, chemicals and drugs. There are many kinds of gastroenteritis, most of them contagious. Read more on Ausmed Education website. Signs and symptoms of the uraemic effects on the body appear in all major systems of the body: the neurological system, respiratory system, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal system and renal system.
Each system displays multiple symptoms of uraemia. Nausea and vomiting are not conditions themselves - rather, they are non-specific symptoms associated with a variety of conditions.
Nausea describes a feeling of unease in the stomach, chest or throat. Vomiting emesis is the physical act of forcibly ejecting stomach contents through the mouth.
Diarrhoea is when more than three loose, watery stools are passed within one day. The stools passed by someone experiencing diarrhoea are between Type 5 and Type 7 on the Bristol Stool Chart. Diarrhoea may be either acute, lasting for up to two weeks, or chronic, lasting for over four weeks.
While you have the infection Do not go to work or school for at least 24 hours after symptoms have finished, or 48 hours if you work in or attend a high risk setting, such as health care, residential care or child care, or handle food as part of your job. Wash and dry your hands thoroughly after going to the toilet. Avoid preparing or handling food for other people until symptoms have resolved.
If you must prepare or handle food, thoroughly wash your hands beforehand to reduce the risk of spreading the infection to others. Immediately remove and wash any clothes or bedding contaminated with vomit or diarrhoea using detergent and hot water. After an episode of diarrhoea or vomiting, clean contaminated surfaces for example benches, floors and toilets immediately using detergent and hot water.
Clean carpet or soft furnishings contaminated with diarrhoea or vomit immediately using detergent and hot water and then steam clean. Avoid contact with people who have gastroenteritis symptoms. Wash and dry your hands thoroughly after changing nappies, going to the toilet, cleaning up vomit or diarrhoea, or handling animals, and before eating or drinking. If hand-washing facilities are not available use an alcohol-based gel. Raw foods such as meats, poultry and eggs can contain bacteria that cause gastroenteritis.
Keep raw foods separate from cooked and ready-to-eat foods for example salads to prevent cross-contamination. Store raw meat below ready-to-eat food in the refrigerator and use separate chopping boards and knives for raw and ready-to-eat foods. How can gastro be prevented? Always wash your hands with soap and water after using the toilet and before preparing or eating food.
Avoid eating or drinking: salads raw or cold seafood including shellfish raw or runny eggs cold meat unpasteurised milk and dairy products ice in drinks ice-cream flavoured ice blocks. Use bottled water or disinfect water by boiling, chemical treatment or purifiers for drinking and brushing teeth. To ensure water is safe to drink it must be kept at boiling point for at least 1 minute or for at least 3 minutes at altitudes over 2, metres before drinking.
If this is not possible, then iodine tablets or water purifiers should be used — follow the instructions carefully. The main complication of viral gastroenteritis is dehydration — a severe loss of water and essential salts and minerals. If you're healthy and drink enough to replace fluids you lose from vomiting and diarrhea, dehydration shouldn't be a problem. Infants, older adults and people with suppressed immune systems may become severely dehydrated when they lose more fluids than they can replace.
Hospitalization might be needed so that lost fluids can be replaced intravenously. Dehydration can be fatal, but rarely. When you're traveling in other countries, you can become sick from contaminated food or water. You may be able to reduce your risk by following these tips:. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Viral gastroenteritis is an intestinal infection marked by watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea or vomiting, and sometimes fever.
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed Feb. Matson DO. Acute viral gastroenteritis in children in resource-rich countries: Management and prevention.
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